The net loss of Bt606mn in 1Q24 was steeper than expected, as better operating performance was slammed by a net FX loss of Bt1.5bn. Net operating profit turned up to Bt703mn from a loss of Bt240mn in 1Q23 and Bt1.9bn in 4Q24, driven by aromatics and olefins. Contribution from allnex also grew, with a 26% YoY and 39% QoQ rise in adjusted EBITDA on higher sales volume and margin. FX loss aside, this showed a slower recovery than expected and we thus slash our 2024F by 25%, which cuts TP from Bt50 to Bt48, based on 0.8x PBV (2024F), implying 8.8x EV/EBITDA (2024F). We maintain our Neutral rating. Aromatics and olefins undergirded QoQ. Adjusted EBITDA for the upstream segment1/ grew 36% YoY and 38% QoQ, led by aromatics and olefins, upon stronger PX, benzene and ethylene product spread. The aromatics price-to-feed margin widened 23% QoQ to US$311/t, though edged down 3% QoQ. Oil refining was hurt by weaker market GRM on a lower crack spread for gasoil, although the segment also booked inventory and hedging gains of Bt380mn. PTTGC continued to operate the oil refinery at full capacity, though inched it down to 104% in 1Q24 from 106% in 4Q23.
Higher olefins margin offset by lower polymer spread. Olefins plant utilization rate rose to 83% in 1Q24 from 78% in 4Q23 despite a 56-day planned shutdown of cracker OLE2/2. The proportion of gas feedstock was nearly unchanged QoQ at 70% in 1Q24. Olefins adjusted EBITDA increased markedly to US$2bn in 1Q24 from only Bt92mn in 4Q23 on stronger ethylene spread. This was offset by lower adjusted EBITDA for polymers. The combined EBITDA of olefins and polymers jumped 129% YoY and 79% QoQ to Bt2.3bn in 1Q24, accounting for 21% of the total, up from 11% in 4Q23.
Performance chemicals profit up QoQ on better demand. Adjusted EBITDA for performance chemicals rose 12% YoY and 5% QoQ on stronger profit from allnex on higher sales volume (+3% YoY and +10% QoQ) and a rise in adjusted EBITDA margin to 14% from 11% in 4Q23. The HDI business in Europe under Vencorex continued to drag earnings in the segment in 1Q24 due to intense competition. PTTGC is reviewing its plan for this business, which it expects to finalize by mid-2024.
Operating profit expected to soften QoQ in 2Q24. We expect lower market GRM to erode 2Q24 profit but we also believe this will be offset by higher utilization rate for aromatics and olefins. Profit contribution from allnex will also improve from gradual recovery of industrial demand and market concern on logistics constraints caused by the Red Sea crisis which urged buyers to restock.
Cut 2024F and TP. Given the slow improvement and the huge FX loss in 1Q24, we cut our profit forecast for 2024F by 25%. This also leads to a cut in TP to Bt48 from Bt50, based on PBV (2024F) of 0.8x (-1SD of 5-year average). This implies 8.8x EV/EBITDA (2024F), still below regional average of >10x.
Key risk factors: 1) Volatile crude oil price and product spread for oil refining and petrochemicals, 2) higher feedstock cost due to lower gas feedstock, 3) asset impairment, 4) regulatory change on GHG emissions and single-use plastics (<3% of capacity), and 5) change in allocation of domestic gas supply to petrochemicals. Key ESG risk factors include the environmental impact of its business and how it adapts during the transition to clean energy and circular economy.
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